backing

Process for creating joints, the parallel projections running the length of the book that act as hinges between the spine and the boards.

backing hammer

Tool used to flatten the back of signatures to give the spine a fan shape.

face

Slightly rounded surface used to strike the back of the signature and push it against the backing boards.

handle

claw

The tapered end of the hammer, used to flatten the backs of signatures.

backing press

Press used to flatten a book so that the joints can be made.

backing board

Metal edge of the press; the back of the signature is placed along this edge and hammered to create joints.

spine of the book

Part that makes up the back of a book’s signatures.