central nervous system [1]

Part of the nervous system connected to the peripheral nervous system formed by the brain and the spinal cord; it controls and deciphers nerve information.

optic chiasm

Structure formed by the juncture of the optic nerves of the right and left eyes, whose fibers partially interconnect.

pituitary gland

Gland secreting a dozen hormones assisting especially in growth, lactation, blood pressure and urine retention.

medulla oblongata

Part of the brain stem that is a continuation of the spinal cord; it mainly controls breathing, blood circulation and cardiac rhythm.

pons

Part of the cerebral trunk made up of nerve fibers; it serves as a bridge between the brain, the cerebellum and the medulla oblongata, and aids breathing.

cerebellum

Part of the brain that mainly controls motor coordination, equilibrium, muscle tone and posture.

pineal gland

Gland secreting a hormone (melatonin) that mainly influences the biological rhythms.

body of fornix

Plate of a white substance formed by a bundle of nerve fibers and located below the corpus callosum; it connects the hippocampus to the hypothalamus.

cerebrum

Large part of the brain formed of two hemispheres; it contains the control center of the higher nerve functions (motor activities, language and others).

septum pellucidum

Thin double membrane separating the anterior part of the two cerebral hemispheres and extending from the corpus callosum to the body of fornix.

corpus callosum

Thin plate of a white substance formed by a bundle of nerve fibers that connect the two cerebral hemispheres.